The Effects of Oil depletion in the near future essays

The Effects of Oil exhaustion sooner rather than later articles Oil is a limited asset that initially created from ancient green growth and different microorganisms. Colin J. Campbell from Depletion and Denial states: The productive arrangement of oil has happened just a couple of times in the Earths long geographical history. For instance, practically all the oil from the Gulf Coast of the U.S. to Peru, including the immense corrupted stores of Venezuela, which hold significantly more than the Middle East, was the aftereffect of a concise time of unnecessary a worldwide temperature alteration 90,000,000 years prior. Green growth prospered in those old warm, dead, stale, and anoxic oceans. Another such age, 140,000,000 years prior, was liable for the oil in the North Sea and a great part of the Middle East. (2) In any case, numerous individuals think minimal about the dubious issue of oil and oil consumption other than what they have been told by un-educated specialists. It has become so dubious due to the trouble in anticipating the current oil gracefully. The vast majority are excessively hopeful in their assessments of the gracefully due to the desperate ramifications of a lack. Basically, vitality is the key that opens every single other asset. Starting today, oil represents 40 percent of all vitality use on the planet. This records for 26 billion barrels every year. The issue is escalated by enormous populace increments and development in vitality requests. Jacob Fisker states that creating nations make up 80 percent of the populace, however they just utilize 20 percent of the universes assets. The created world is the staying 20 percent of the populace, yet it utilizes 80 percent of the universes resources.(1) Furthermore, one ideal case of oil over-utilization is in the U.S. Its whole economy is to a great extent subject to oil for vitality and numerous vital items. Numerous specialists in the oil business, for example , Colin J. Campbell, an oil geologist, foresee that request will surpass flexibly by around 2010. From that point, it will pr... <!

Could the US have won the Revolutionary war without foreign Essay

Could the US have won the Revolutionary war without outside intercession - Essay Example The Americans required help in view of the strategic troubles of an extended war, thus France and Netherlands offered basic help that rushed the triumph of the previous. Weigley, in his book The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy, clarifies the critical conditions of General George Washington and he focuses on that â€Å"military poverty† formed Washington’s generalship.3 When the British showed up via ocean in New York before the assault of Trenton, General William Howe had 31,625 officers from all positions, where 24,464 were well-prepared and prepared for battle.4 Aside from these soldiers, Howe likewise had ten boats, twenty frigates, many vehicle, and 10, 000 seamen.5 To safeguard New York, General Washington just had 19,000 individuals, with around 9,000 having military order and training.6 moreover, the Americans had no maritime powers and restricted land transports. Despite the fact that Washington scored with the end of the Hessian battalion at Trenton, all through the whole Revolutionary War time frame, he perpetually confronted the issue of the set number of troopers, assets, and cash. The Revolutionary confederation and the debilitating farming part couldn't gracefully enough for these necessities of the war. David McCullough harps in 1776 on the job of the monetary sponsorship from France and the Netherlands just as the help from the French armed force and navy.7 For him, they were offered basic assistance in rushing America’s triumph rather than only trusting that Britain will abandon the war or to trust that other remote countries will understand that America’s autonomy would bring about a more prominent equalization of forces in Europe. In the event that the Revolutionary War had stretched out because of the nonattendance of outside mediation, it would not have been inconceivable for Washington and his commanders, just as the American individuals who bolstered him, to keep up their techniques until Britain abandoned its American provinces. In the book A Shattered Nation: The Rise and Fall of the Confederacy, 1861-1868, Rubin communicates the desire of the American individuals to help the war. She makes reference to letters coursing among the majority, who realized that the progressive powers should by one way or another give some influence enough to â€Å"overthrow† the British before remote countries would begin recognizing America as an autonomous country that they should bolster through cash or troops or both.8 The individuals, just as Washington and the commanders, opposed turning into a settlement again, particularly when they understood that they could be at long last liberated from the injurious tax collection and other severe arrangements of Britain.9 McCullough stresses, all things considered, that â€Å"†¦it was Washington and the military that won the war for American Independence†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 10 These students of history comprehe nded the steadiness of the American armed force in driving on through their guerilla strategies and assaulting Britain where it was at its most vulnerable, explicitly in land fights. Different researchers demanded that America couldn't have won the war without remote help. In â€Å"

Kid Essay Samples - All About Them

Kid Essay Samples - All About ThemYour child essay samples will be a boon for them as they get to work on writing their own. In this way, you can be certain that they are working on their own pieces of writing and not merely copying what they have seen from others.Kid essay samples allow you to see what the kids are really capable of. You can see for yourself if they can write something or not. This will make it easier for you to decide whether or not you should give your child extra help to get their skills improved.You will find that kid essay samples are good for teenagers as well. You will find them for them in class as well as on assignments they are doing for their homework. The way that they carry themselves and how they dress up is a perfect example of what you can expect to find in these essays.When you do look through kid essay samples, you will find that there are many. Some of them you will not even recognize as essays. These are often used as filler during class time. Ho wever, you can use them to practice your own writing.The reason why kid essay samples are very useful is because you can use them to help with brainstorming. You can get ideas and pictures from the images and other things that are contained in the essays. This will help you in brainstorming for your own essay.Another thing that you can learn from kid essay samples is the differences between the styles. Different writing styles exist in different types of writing. By reading these examples, you will be able to see which writing style works best for you and your child.If you are writing for a younger audience, then you should read these essays to them. That way, you will be able to see the proper way to format your writing. This will enable you to have good grammar and spelling, as well as grammar and spelling usage that are easy to understand.Kid essay samples are a great way to learn about writing as a whole. You will find that your child will be writing better and having a greater sense of pride when they know that they can write better than other people. This will make your child's life much easier, which is something that we all hope for.

Psychology - 860 Words

Think – and– Share Worksheet: Part 1 Your task is to find and take at least three personality inventories. You can easily find these types of inventories online. You can also find these types of inventories in many different popular magazines. If you choose to search online, here are some ideas of verbiage to type into a search engine: †¢ Personality inventories test †¢ Personality inventory color analysis †¢ Big five personality test †¢ Dessert personality test †¢ Emotional intelligence test †¢ TV characters personality test †¢ Assessing Your Real and Ideal Self-Concept (in your textbook, Module 30) †¢ Life Orientation Test (in your textbook, Module 31) After you have taken at least three personality tests, analyze your†¦show more content†¦I think that if a personality test is given by a licensed physician, then we all could gain a lot from it and we would be able to tell what is going on in someone’s mind. I don’t think taking test off the internet would be a valid way to evaluate people because they are sitting in front of a computer and could just click anything until they get the answer they want versus sitting in a doctor’s office. JIGSAW WORKSHEET Chapter 9 consists of four modules †¢ Psychodynamic Approaches to Personality †¢ Trait Learning, Biological and Evolutionary, and Humanistic Approaches to Personality †¢ Assessing Personality: Determining what Makes Us Distinctive †¢ Intelligence Your instructor will assign you to a module. You will be responsible for reading the assigned module and identifying the concepts you feel are the most important. Then, you will create a learning activity that is designed to teach at least one of the concepts from that module. After you have created your learning activity, you will share your learning activity with your classmates via the discussion board. You will also provide feedback to your classmates about their learning activities. You may choose to revise your learning activity based on the feedback you receive. Discussion 7: Jigsaw Present the learning activity you created in the Jigsaw activity. Read through the learning activities posted by your classmates; be sure to ask one another or your instructor questions if theShow MoreRelatedPsychology : Psychology And Psychology1627 Words   |  7 Pagescovers the many questions we may have about psychology. It starts with the history and how it has changed throughout the years. It covers some of the many subfields and jobs you can have as a psychologist. It also covers the four big ideas that are associated with psychology. There are many more topics and sub-topics that will be covered within this paper on chapter 1. Section 1-1 Psychological Science is born: This section shows how the heart of psychology changes over time. In 1879, at a germanRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1519 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology has been defined by many as the study of mental disorder or behavioral problems but discoveries and developments, points to psychology as the study of human mind and its functionality which includes the way we think, act, perceive things and be able to make decisions; all these makes man a complex being. Psychology isn’t just a phenomenon; it is a scientific study. Psychology as a science answers the question â€Å"why†, proposes a theory and sets experiment to test the hypothesis. The researchRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology889 Words   |  4 PagesOne: Psychology Defined Psychology is an exceptionally multifaceted field of study, regardless, it can be commonly defined as the study of mental processes and human behavior. The goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict and control the behavior of others. Psychology incorporates an extensive range of different perspectives into its general principles as well as focuses on securing them with applied research, case studies, evaluations, etc. I first became interested in psychology whenRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1018 Words   |  5 Pagesof psychology is common to talk about the psychological schools, as these are defined as groups of psychologists who shared a theoretical view and focused psychological problems with a common orientation; these have evolved over time. Psychology was first established as a separate science of biology and philosophy, that s when the real debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began start, different psychological schools represent the major theories of psychology. TheRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology892 Words   |  4 PagesWhen you first think of the word psychology, what is the first thing that comes to your mind? Well, some people might say they don’t know or some would say it’s something that has to do with the mind and/or human behavior. Psychology which comes from the Greek term â€Å"psyche† is the study of mental processes and behavior; especially those affecting behavior in a given context. There are several schools of thought in psychology. These schools include: structuralism (Wundt), functionalism (James), gestaltRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1267 Words   |  6 PagesPaper What is psychology? What impact does psychology have on the world? What does it mean to be a psychologist? These are three important questions that will be investigated throughout this paper. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. Psychology influences many behaviors in the world without anyone noticing. Watson is interested in behaviorism. This means he was interested in the behavior of people and how they act and react. Through his article, Psychology as the BehavioristRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology850 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology to me is meant to help people understand the complexity of other human beings. We have established the existence of many disorders which are mainly beyond the control of people because of chemical imbalances in the brain. Although with these reasons, we still have attached negative and positive connotations to many disorders. We have created this concept of psychology in order to help us try to find some sense of order in our lives. This can allow us to try rank ourselves next to anotherRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1703 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology has a lot of jobs to choose from.Any job in psychology is going to be involved helping people. Trying to find out why people do the things they do and trying to predi ct the behavior of people, their emotions, and mental processes. Making sure your child or any person you care about is okay mentally, is important and is the job of people who work in a major in psychology. For this paper, the roles of a psychiatrist, a counselor, and a psychologist will be discussed. The audience will learnRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1300 Words   |  6 PagesIn Psychology There are six modern psychological perspectives. These perspectives are behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, social, cultural, and biological. Each perspective has its own unique way of explaining human behavior. I think that really explains the complex mental processes and behavior, and each prospective study should not be limited to just one. The following is my explanation of the terms and comparisons between the psychodynamic and behavioral aspects relating to the OctoberRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology Essay2200 Words   |  9 PagesHow is ps ychology defined today? How did psychology start out being defined originally? Humans have always been interested in understanding their own body, especially the brain itself. Some of the first people to explore psychology were Aristotle and Socrates, (even though some of the things they thought were wrong) of course at the time they did not know what exactly they were studying. https://www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/introduction-to-psychology-1/intr

The Code Of Ethics Is The Number One Mission For The...

The NASW Code Of Ethics is the number one mission for the social work profession. This is fundamental for all social workers to appreciate human wellbeing, as well as, help them meet the basic human needs of each person. Social workers should as well give full attention to the empowerment and rights of those that are vulnerable, distressed, and living in poverty. Social workers are the ones that promote social justice and social change on behalf of clients. Also, social workers seek to enhance the capacity of people to address their own needs. The mission of the profession is established in a set of core values that are embraced by social workers. Those core values are the following: Service, Social Justice, Dignity and Worth of the Person, Importance of Human Relationships, Integrity, and Competence. These core values will be reviewed and have scriptures with understanding that follows. Value: Service A social worker principal is to give guidance to people that are in need and to address the social problems. Social workers uplift service to others above egocentricity. Social workers tend to draw on their values, knowledge, and skills to advise people in need and to address social issues. It is encouraged for social workers to volunteer some portion of their professional skills with absolutely no expectation of significant financial return. This can also be referred to the â€Å"Pro Bono Service†. As social workers service others, their focus should as well be servicing forShow MoreRelatedMy Service Learning Hours At Harvest Hope Food Bank987 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to gain the necessary skills needed for social work, service learning is necessary due to the fact that it serves as an introduction to skills that may be utilized later in the field. Completing my service learning hours at Harvest Hope Food Bank provided me with the necessary experiences t o ensure I am able to impact clients positively and in a more professional and ethical manner. Values and ethics, connections to generalist practice, and experiences with the organization all shared importantRead MoreThe Role of Social Workers Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe Role of Social Workers Brittany walks into her room and slumps on her bed. Although she knows tears should be running down her cheeks, her face is dry. She clutches the envelope that she received in the mail today with the results of her blood test. She just found out she is HIV positive four weeks after she was hit with the news that she was pregnant. If her brother was here, he could help, but he died in a car accident four months ago. What am I going to do? What are my parents goingRead MorePersonal Values And Social Work Values1443 Words   |  6 Pages ETHICS PRINCIPLES Amber Sperlbaum Indiana Wesleyan University TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................. 3 NASW CODE OF ETHICS..................................................................................................3-4 PERSONAL VALUES VS SOCIAL WORK VALUES.......................................................4 ETHICAL REASONING......Read MoreFood Stamps to SNAP Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)† (Program Description). â€Å"The program gives up to $200 a month in food stamp benefits (called an allotment) to a person who lives by himself and has essentially no income. Households with more than one person get less for each person because of economies of scale. For example, a 4-person household could get up to $668 a month† (supplemental nutrition2011). Eligibility Although the Food Stamp Program is universal and selective, it is a great programRead MoreValues And Ethics Of The National Association Of Social Workers902 Words   |  4 PagesValues and Ethics The National Association of Social Workers have provided the Code of Ethics as a set of guidelines for social workers to follow in order to assure they are practicing in an ethical manner. These guidelines have been revised to address any additional information or critiques that are necessary for quality conduct that have arisen since the first edition that was drafted in 1960. They strive to address core values, such as â€Å"service, social justice, dignity and worth of the personRead MoreInterview With A Social Worker1687 Words   |  7 PagesI recently conducted an interview with a Social Worker by the name Kathryn Schley. She has her Masters of Social Work, she is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and is currently the Homeless Services Program Manager. The company she works at is called Southlight, a private non-profit health care organization. SouthLight’s mission is to, â€Å"meet the holistic needs of individuals facing addiction, mental illness, and chronic health challenges, by delivering compassionate and coordinated behavioral healthcareRead MoreThe Difference Between Professionalism And Ethics1590 Words   |  7 PagesThe difference between professionalism and ethics is professionalism talks about staying professional within your business and always staying up to par about what is going on within a business. Ethics talks about the study of decisions and moral judgment. Ethics is the study of what should be, what is the ultimate good and how to achieve it. People have always thought that the primary purpose of business is to serve society. Business must have a society commitment otherwise businesses cannot enjoyRead MoreEthics in Social Work Practice2286 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Values and ethical in social work practice† An ethical dilemma exists: When the social worker must choose between two or more relevant, but contradictory, ethical directives, or when every alternative results in an undesirable outcome for one or more persons. Several value systems and ethical practices impact the social worker intervention and outcome. Values and ethics are closely related .Values are a societys system of beliefs ,principles and traditions that guide behaviors and practicesRead MoreThe Health Of The Mental Health Field Essay1324 Words   |  6 Pageswith different behavioral difficulties. One way in which your agency’s policies or operations reflect the value-base of the social work profession. The identified agency is Enki Health Research Systems, Inc., (ENKI) office in El Monte. Enki provides mental health services in different service areas and offers mental health services to children and families, as well as adults, and also focuses on providing services for youth and families. ENKI’s current mission is to provide, â€Å"Multicultural MultilingualRead MoreSocial Work Practice Guidelines Are Outlined By The Nasw1327 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Work practice guidelines are outlined by the NASW Code of Ethics, CSWE Educational Policy and Standards, and HIPPA. NASW Code of Ethics explain the missions values and core functions of how a social worker practices. It is a guide that is used to assist social workers through ethical dilemmas while emphasizing core values (National Association of Social Workers, n.d.). CSWE is a national association that maintains the standards of educational programs for social work degrees. This entity

The American Of The Civil Rights Movement - 1886 Words

From slavery to the Civil Rights Movement, the African American community has faced hardships, discrimination and prejudice based on their position in the racial hierarchy in the United States. Although the melting pot called the American population has learned to coexist in the twenty first century, the African American community continues to face these problem even after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed by Congress prohibiting discrimination of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, not to mention the countless lives that were sacrificed during civil rights demonstrations for those natural rights every human being should have. We now see the African American community facing another similar problem: its youth, especially young black men, have been shot or harmed by â€Å"police and vigilantes† (Garza) all over the United States for reasons that seem to be less than bullet proof. The outrage that surrounding the death of Trayvon Martin and the controversy aro und it sparked the â€Å"birth of a new civil rights movement† (Day) ‒ the Black Lives Matter Movement. This movement is rather different and certainly unique when compared to its its precursors in its message, purpose, and tactics. This movement has used various tactics to encourage support for their cause through the use of direct action, political slogans, and social media. Black Lives Matter: The Beginning â€Å"This ain’t your granddaddy’s civil rights movement,† ―that’s how Joyce Jones, a writer for BETShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement And The American Civil Movement958 Words   |  4 Pages The Civil Rights Movement, also known as the American Civil Rights Movement and other names, is a term that encompasses the strategies, groups, and social movements in the United States whose goals were to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and to secure legal recognition and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumerated in the Constitution and federal law. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968Read MoreThe American Civil Rights Movement1519 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Civil Rights Movement is personified through several prominent personalities. These figures exhibited strong character throughout their careers i n activism that revolutionized the ideals and opportunities of the 20th century, standing as precedents for courage and perseverance in the face of widespread systemic oppression. However, not all of these figures received the acknowledgment and acceptance that their legacy deserved. One such figure was Bayard Rustin, a lifelong Civil RightsRead MoreThe American Of The Civil Rights Movement949 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement. As a whole, the Civil Rights Movement accounted for a drastic amount of changes to black businesses that primarily served black consumers. For instance, African American people stayed at blacked owned hotels, resorts, and restaurants, which gave way for African American entrepreneurship (Blackford 149). Once segregation was outlawed, African American consumers leapt at the opportunity to shop at white owned businesses. Post-Civil Rights Movement, the African American community has becomeRead MoreThe American Civil Right Movement922 Words   |  4 PagesIt was just a single line in a speech given more than fifty years ago, yet many still remember it as one of the most important turning points in Southern political history and the American civil right movement. As many civil rights activists were fighting for the abolishment of Jim Crow laws, newly elected Governor George Wallace stood at the podium under the Alabama State House to deliver his inaugural speech which would later cement his legacy amongst the most controversial figures in SouthernRead MoreThe American Civil Rights Movement912 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Ferguson Riots after a young, unarmed teenager named Michael Brown was shot by a police officer. Some believe that these events and the emergence of the #BlackLivesMatter campaign could be the beginning of yet another American civil rights movement. The first LGBT movement began in 1969 after the raid of one of the few gay bars in the United States, Stonewall Inn. Often, the story of this seedy nightclub is distorted or hardly taught at all. A huge example of this is the recent movie on the riotsRead MoreThe American Civil Rights Movement586 Words   |  2 PagesHas someone ever told you that you were not allowed to do something that others had the right to? Maybe it was your parents, your boss, the government, but you thought you had just enough right as anyone else did? Well, during the 1960’s not everyone had the same rights. During the Civil Rights Movement, African Americans were fighting for equality. They didn’t want â€Å"separate but equal† they wanted full equality for their people. This caused many riots throughout the US. When we look at riots weRead MoreThe American Civil War And The Civil Rights Movement1725 Words   |  7 PagesAfter the American Civil War (1861-1865), major changes which were crucial to the establishment of African Americans in the American society took place. Before the bloody war, slaves were comprised of thirteen percent of the total population of the United States. The treatments they receive from their masters ranged from generous to abusive. The issue of slavery was becoming more and more apparent in social, economic, and most importantly political aspects of the country. In fact, even before theRead MoreThe American Civil War And The Civil Rights Movement1539 Words   |  7 PagesIn elementary school, students study the Civil War, and the Civil Rights movement. Teachers speak about slavery and racism as if it were a thing of the past; and juvenile minds are lead to believe that Martin Luther King Jr.’s dream has finally com e true. But as these futile minds mature, they encounter different versions of this â€Å"dream†. Caucasian faces may live to believe the world is a blissful place, but scoff at the waitress who struggles to speak english. Brown faces may look at the homosexualRead MoreThe American Civil War And The Civil Rights Movement901 Words   |  4 PagesStates were slave owners (Piersen 1996: 24). However, the controversy over slavery was a hotly debated topic in American society, leading eventually to the American Civil War (1861-1865), which finally brought slavery to an end. After the emancipation, overcoming slavery s legacy remained a crucial issue in American history, from Reconstruction following the war to the Civil Rights Movement a century later. The practice of slavery dates to prehistoric times, although its institutionalizationRead MoreMovement : Native American Civil Rights Movement3155 Words   |  13 PagesMovement: Native American Civil Rights Movement A: How When did people involved become aware of themselves/ How When did people identify as part of this movement? Native Americans have always had a strong sense of pride of their culture and traditions and identity, though it was when they were becoming stripped of their traditions that the movement towards their original freedom began. 1. Overview (Why then, why there?) The basic summary of events that went down in Native American history

Analysis of Australia Economy

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Australia Economy. Answer: Introduction Each of the four macroeconomic indicators is essential. The primary benefit of keeping the prices stable is that it helps to preserve the value of money and encourage healthy and sustainable growth over a prolonged period (Berlatsky, 2013). Growth in employment and the economy helps to enhance the standards of the living. Since each of the four economic indicators is essential, this report will examine the state of Australian economy based on these indicators, the trend in the indicators for the past ten years, as well as the current macroeconomic policies of the RBA and the federal government regarding the four. In the final part, we will examine whether the present policies are suitable, given the current economic environment. Appropriate policy recommendations will also be outlined. Description of the four economic indicators and their trend over the last ten years Real GDP refers to the total output. It has continued to thrive despite the end of the mining boom. The outlook for GDP growth for 2016 is 2.5 - 3.5 percent but is expected to rise to around 3-4 percent by 2018. Households perception of own revenues growth has continued to be above average. Over the years, the economy has remained resilient to various external shocks among them the US sub-prime credit bubble, and the most recent Global Financial Crisis. At no time in ten years did the annual growth turn out to be negative. Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Annual GDP growth (%) 4.38 4.31 1.84 1.68 4.35 3.13 2.48 2013 2014 2015 2.4 2.63 2.47 Source: World Bank Consistent with the economic growth, employment is expected to increase gradually and unemployment to fall a little. Over the recent months, the unemployment rate has remained constant at 5.75 percent but is projected to decline slightly to around 5.5 percent in the future (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2016). Unemployment Rate in Australia, 20-74 years Year Males (%) Female (%) Average 2006 3.5 4 3.75 2007 3.2 3.8 3.5 2008 4.1 4.2 4.15 2009 4.7 4.6 4.65 2010 4 4.4 4.2 2011 4.2 4.6 4.4 2012 4.6 4.7 4.65 2013 5.1 5.1 5.1 2014 5.2 5.3 5.25 2015 5.8 Source: Australia Bureau of Statistics The trend in Unemployment Rate The underlying inflation has recently picked up by 0.5 percent to be about 1.5 percent over the year. Increases in price for volatile goods such as vegetables, fuel, and fruit have made a significant contribution to the rising Consumer Price Index. Inflation is expected to remain around the current rates, before slowly picking to around 2 percent as spare capacity in labor and other product markets continue to diminish. As shown below, the highest CPI was in 2008, notably due to the mining boom, and the effects of previous years high employment rate. The lowest annual inflation was in 2015 as the economy approached to what some economists define as the end of the mining boom. Year March June September December Annual 2016 1.30% 1% 2015 1.30% 1.50% 1.50% 1.70% 1.50% 2014 2.90% 3% 2.30% 1.70% 2.50% 2013 2.50% 2.40% 2.20% 2.70% 2.50% 2012 1.60% 1.20% 2% 2.20% 1.70% 2011 3.30% 3.50% 3.40% 3% 3.30% 2010 2.90% 3.10% 2.90% 2.80% 2.90% 2009 2.40% 1.40% 1.20% 2.10% 1.70% 2008 4.30% 4.40% 5% 3.70% 4.40% 2007 2.50% 2.10% 1.80% 2.90% 2.30% 2006 2.90% 4% 4% 3.30% 3.50% Source: Australia Bureau of Statistics The Trend in Inflation Weaker commodities demand from China and emerging economies have restrained growth in trade over the years. Latest data shows that net exports made a smaller contribution to the national output in the June quarter in comparison to May quarter. However, net exports are projected to continue making a positive contribution to the economy, as supported by ramping up of LNG production and a depreciation of the exchange rate. Current macroeconomic policy in Australia and assessment of its effectiveness Monetary and budgetary/fiscal policies are the two macroeconomic policies used in Australia to control the level of economic activity. The government has an ambitious plan to successfully transition Australia from the mining boom to a healthier, stronger, and more diversified economy through innovation, opening up of new markets, boosting investor confidence, and promoting a balanced budget (Aph.gov.au, 2016). Amid the challenging budget environment and spiraling deficits, the government is making responsible choices to boost the economy, support jobs and growth, by targeting spending where it is most appropriate. The government has a 10-year tax plan designed to support growth, promote higher wages, and encourage competition. Businesses with an annual turnover of less $2 million will receive a one percentage reduction in corporate taxes in this financial year. The threshold for the tax cut will, however, rise from $10 million to $25 million, and finally to $100 million by the year 2019-20. The government is planning to keep on raising the threshold for one percent cut until all companies are included in the scheme in 2023-24. Corporate taxes for all businesses are expected to reduce to 25 percent by 2026-27. In the next financial year, all small businesses with a turnover of not more than $10 million will be eligible for an instant tax write-off for equipment purchases of not more than $20,000. Hard work in Australia is punished. The government has raised middle-income tax bracket from $80, 000 to $87,000. The tax cut on middle income will encourage Australians to work more and get promotion without paying more in taxes (Budget.gov.au, 2016). It will encourage more investment and consumption, hence more economic growth. Though the tax cuts will cost the government approximately $ 5.3 billion in lost revenues over a period of four years, economists are of the view that the move will boost the countrys long-term economic growth by about one percentage point. Small businesses make a significant contribution to Australias economy. They employ over 3 million people. The tax cuts will enable small businesses to invest, grow, and hire more labor force. For the economy to continue to grow there is the need to attract new investment. Australias corporate taxes are way too higher and even above the average for the OECD and countries in the Asian region. The tax cut will make the corporate taxes globally competitive, which will over time, encourage investment, support growth, create more jobs, and raise the wages. The government is also devoted to limiting the rise in expenditure and sustainable revenue function to support growth and return the budget back to balance (Focus Economics, 2016). Keeping spending in control will create an opportunity for further tax relief and chart the path for sustainable budget balance and reduce fiscal burdens on the coming generations. The government is planning to increase expenditure on the main sectors of the economy such as innovation, infrastructure, defense, and employment. About $1.1 billion is committed to supporting innovation and science agenda, and will keep Australia in the path of a leading innovator (Budget.gov.au, 2016). Innovations will increase investment in the economy, and this will contribute to economic growth. The government has also committed a whopping $50 billion dollars in infrastructure on roads, airways, rails, and dams. Given that Australian population is expected to rise in future, we can conclude that investment in infrastructure is well timed. The Australian government has a twenty-year defense industry plan committed to growing defense funding to around 2 percent of the GDP by 2020-21. To support youth employment, the government has set aside $840 million packages, which will assist more than 120,000 vulnerable youths to get jobs (Budget.gov.au, 2016). More jobs mean more income tax, greater consumption, more investment, less unemployment, and more economic growth. The government has plans to open up Australia to overseas markets and affordable prices for household items. Australia has trade agreements with Japan, Korea, and China. The three new trade agreements cover a greater share of Australias exports than all the previous ones combined. These trade agreements mean that exporters have preferential access to the entire North Asia powerhouses. The new trade agreements have placed Australia as a go to destination for people wanting to establish export platforms to tap into North Asian markets. Australia is in the process of enacting the historic Trans-Pacific Partnership which will reduce more than 98% tariffs on 12 economies. Tariffs worth US$9 billion Australian exports will be eliminated. Once implemented, the partnership will contribute to job growth across all sectors of the Australian economy. Reduction in tariffs will encourage seamless trade and enhance the investment environment (Cole and Nightingale, 2016). The agreement will provide greater opportunities to businesses, remove red tape, reduce costs, and promote more participation in the global supply chain. The government has plans to crack down on multinational companies evading tax. Diverted Profits will be charged a 40 percent tax. The government is also seeking to raise the penalty from $4500 to $450 000 for those multinationals failing to adhere to tax disclosure obligations. The government has invested more than $679 million in the tax avoidance task force. The RBA is tasked with controlling inflation in the Australian economy. The appropriate monetary policy in Australia is to achieve 2-3 percent inflation over the cycle, which is sufficiently small to distort the economic activity in the communities (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2016). The RBA board has eased monetary policy and lowered the cash rate to 1.5 percent to encourage sustainable growth in the economy and return inflation to target over time. Conclusion The government has appropriate fiscal and monetary policies aimed at the four major economic indicators. It is investing in infrastructure and innovations as well as encouraging investments, consumption, and savings through tax cuts. The government has a package to create more than 120,000 jobs to vulnerable youths. To promote BOP stability, the government has engaged in newer trade agreements, which will open up Australia exporters to outside world. The government has an appropriate monetary policy to assist to control inflation. While the government is committed to promoting Australia as a favored investment destination, penalties to multinationals and overly high taxes on diverted profits will send negative signals to investors. The current policies also blow out a deficit and Australia will not return to a surplus until 2020-21. Higher education is one of the biggest losers in the current budget. Uncertainty clouds Universities after they were stripped US $1.4 billion funding in this years budget. Though the current policies concentrate more on jobs and growth, the reality is that growth in the national economy will not come from savings on cut alone but innovative business practices by startups. Another weakness of the current policy is that it gives minimal focus on service-based industries such as hospitality and tourism. As a foreign exchange earner, tourism should have been one of the top priorities in supporting the economy after the end of the mining boom. References Abs.gov.au. (2016). 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